The Effect of Acid and Base Activation on The Character of Biochar as a Heterogeneous Catalyst

Khairun Nisa Argianti; Ricky Andi Syahputra; Yeni Simbolon; Ester Basani Panggabean; Khairahmi Khairahmi

doi:10.59581/konstanta.v3i1.4711

Authors

Khairun Nisa Argianti Universitas Negeri Medan
Ricky Andi Syahputra Universitas Negeri Medan
Yeni Simbolon Universitas Negeri Medan
Ester Basani Panggabean Universitas Negeri Medan
Khairahmi Khairahmi Universitas Negeri Medan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59581/konstanta.v3i1.4711

Keywords:

Coconut Shell, Biochar, Activation, H3PO4, KOH

Abstract

Coconut shell is an organic waste that has the potential to be used as fuel, activated carbon, and pharmaceutical and cosmetic ingredients because it has good thermal diffusion properties due to its high cellulose and lignin content. This study aims to produce a heterogeneous catalyst based on activated carbon activated with H₃PO₄ and KOH and to determine the effect of concentration and activation time. The method used is coconut shell pyrolysis at a temperature of 500°C for 2 hours, followed by activation using acids and bases. A total of 20 grams of activated carbon was calcined at a temperature of 500°C for 3 hours. Catalyst characterization was carried out using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to analyze functional groups and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the crystallinity of the resulting biochar.

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