Penerapan Terhadap Kepatuhan Konvensi Ballast Water Management Dari Awak Kapal Niaga Di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59581/jkts-widyakarya.v1i4.1287Keywords:
2004 BWM Convention, commercial ship crew compliance, ballast water managementAbstract
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) through the Environmental Protection Committee (MEPC/Marine Environment Protection Committee) since 2004 has established the international Convention on the Control and Management of Ship's Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM 2004), which seeks to protect marine waters from the impact of water discharge. commercial ship ballast The aim of this research is to determine the extent of implementation of the 2004 BWM Convention in Indonesia through questionnaires and interviews given to seafarer respondents in Indonesia. The compliance of commercial ship crews with PTES shows that the ship crews have not implemented the Ballast Water Management Convention, namely exchanging ship ballast water at sea according to standard D 1. The results of a questionnaire conducted on Indonesian merchant ship crews consisting of student crew members and student officers show that water exchange Ballast in the middle of the sea by merchant ships is only worth 14.5%. Commercial ships that have documents related to Ballast Water Management are also obtained below the 24% figure. PTES managers should manage ballast water at ports as the cheapest and most efficient solution compared to managing ballast water by commercial ships.
References
Water Science and Technology Board. 2011. Assessing the Relationship Between Propagule Pressure and Invasion Risk in Ballast Water. The National Academies Press, Washington D.C.
Republik Indonesia. 2010. Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 tahun 2010 tentang Perlindungan Lingkungan Maritim. Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia.
IMO (International Maritime Organization). Guidelines for Ballast Water Exchange (G6). Annex 2, Resolution MEPC.124 (53). Adopted on 22 July 2005.
Zhang F., Dickman M. 1999. Mid-ocean exchange of container vessel ballast water 1 : seasonal factors affecting the transport of harmful diatoms and dinoflagellates. Marine Ecology Progress Series; Volume 176:243-251.
Klein G., Mac Intosh K., Kaczmarska I., Ehrman J.M. 2009. Diatom Survivorship in Ballast Water During Trans-Pasific Crossings. Biology Invasions, 12:1031-1044.
Germanischer Lloyd (GL). 2103. Rules for classification and contruction. http://www.rules.dnvgl.com, diakses 23 Januari 2017.
Sugiyono. 2010. Metode penelitian pendidikan. Bandung : Penerbit Alfabeta.
Wawancara dengan informan 1 (H B, Mualim I di kapal penumpang PELNI), 15Juli 2017, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan 2 (E A, Mualim pada kapal niaga yang beroperasi di Erapa dan Amerika Utara), 15 Mei 2015, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan ketiga dan keempat (Y S dan R, kadet kapal SV Bintang Natuna dan MV Wisdom), 4 Desember 2014, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan kelima dan keenam (K dan I, kadet kapal Ibrahim Zahir dan MT Sanga Sanga), 4 Desember 2014, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan ketujuh (S D P, kadet kapal MV Kayu Lapis V), 4 Desember 2014, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan kedelapan (W S, kadet kapal MV Bogasari V dan MV Ruby Indah), 16 Desember 2014, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan kesembilan (B G, kadet di perusahaan Hanjin Line), 16 Desember 2014, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan kesepuluh (H G R, kadet di perusahaan World Marine), 16 Desember 2014, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan kesebelas dan dua belas (S R dan S, Engineer di kapal yang beroperasi di Laut Utara), 26 Agustus 2015, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengn informan ketiga belas (K Y, Engineer pada kapal yang pernah masuk ke perairan Australia), 31 Juli 2015, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan keempat belas (A S, Engineer di kapal MV Meratus Kahayan), 28 Agustus 2016, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan kelima belas (S A C, kadet pada kapal yang pernah masuk di perairan Singapura), 28 Juli 2016.
Wawancara dengan informan keenam belas (H W, kadet pada kapal MT Gas Widuri), 21 Juli 2016, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan ketujuh belas (O, kadet pada kapal MV Abusamah), 21 Juli 2016, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan kedelapan belas (I S P, kadet pada kapal MT Gas Walio), 25 Juli 2016, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan kesembilan belas (H C F, kadet pada kapal MT Harmony Seven), 26 Juli 2016, PIP Semarang.
Wawancara dengan informan kedua puluh (K F dan A I, staf administrator pelabuhan Tanjung Intan, Cilacap), 24 Mei 2016, KSOP Tanjung Intan-Cilacap.
Wawancara dengan informan kedua puluh satu (H S, Kepala Balai Karantina Semarang), 16 Maret 2016, Balai Karantina Semarang.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Hugi Cerlyawati , Apriyanto Budhi Wibowo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
